Diabetes Mellitus and Type

What is diabetes?

Diabetes, mostly hormonal disorders (hormone) system occurs when the levels of sugar in the blood in your body to remain consistently above normal. Affects over 17 million people in the United States alone. Diseases caused or too little insulin in the body (type 1 diabetes) or the body does not respond to insulin (diabetes type 2). Insulin is a hormone that regulates sugar levels in the blood and helps the body use sugar (glucose) for energy.

Type 1 diabetes - the most common form of diabetes among people aged 20 years - due to a deficiency of insulin. Type 2 diabetes is the result of the body's inability to deal effectively with hormones. Approximately 90% of all people with type 2 diabetes. In the past, one type was called insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) or juvenile diabetes, age and type 2 diabetes, formerly called non-insulin diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) or adult diabetes mellitus or stable.

These terms have been abandoned elderly due to type 2 diabetes is now also in children. In addition, some people with type 2 diabetes need insulin to keep blood sugar levels normal.Regardless this type of diabetes you have, you need to work closely with your doctor to manage your diet medicines and daily activity. Ability to supervise their care will make a huge difference to whether you can check its status and to avoid potentially serious consequences.

Many complications in the short and long-term diabetes may require as much attention as the disease itself. And just as important as watching blood sugar, you should monitor your blood sugar in the blood every day to prevent hypoglycemia, a low attack, where blood glucose is too low to meet the energy needs of your body . Hypoglycemia can be easily removed, but after recognizing the symptoms.

In people with type 1 diabetes, a lack of insulin can cause serious illness called ketoacidosis, in which acid builds up in the blood of the accumulation of toxic byproducts called ketones. Ketones are produced in the body breaks down fat for energy. Ketoacidosis occurs in people with type 1 diabetes, if you do not receive enough extra insulin and their bodies are deprived of energy sources. Ketoacidosis may also occur if the body is subjected to a sudden physical effort, perhaps as a result of accident or illness. (Each type of illness in the body increases the demand for insulin to convert blood sugar into energy needed to fight disease or infection.) Ketoacidosis may also occur in people with type 2 diabetes, although it is less popular.

If you have type 1 diabetes, particularly attentive to the symptoms of ketoacidosis include nausea, excessive thirst, frequent urination, extreme fatigue, abdominal pain, rapid breathing, and deep, loss of appetite, flushed skin and heat, headache, drowsiness, anxiety, fruity breath, and ketones in the urine. This is an emergency and you must go to the doctor or hospital. Lack of insulin injections and salt solutions intravenously (to compensate for the loss of fluid in the body) can lead to coma and death.

In both types of diabetes, long-term complications of diabetes can damage the eyes, nervous system, kidneys, heart and circulatory system. Job cuts and wounds heal more slowly for people with diabetes, and they are also prone to gum problems, urinary tract infections and infections of the mouth as thrush, caused by excessive growth of organisms yeast. All these complications are more common in people who are unable to get their blood sugar under control.

Diabetes is the leading cause of blindness among adults in the United States within 10 years, their condition is diagnosed, about half of all people with type 1 diabetes development disorder called diabetic retinopathy eye, which can weaken the capillaries that nourish the retina and ultimately affect vision. Almost all of those who had the disease for at least 30 years of experience in some degree of diabetic retinopathy. But staying on top of sugar in the blood may help delay or prevent the development of retinopathy. Other common problems of people with diabetes, impaired vision, cataract, glaucoma.

Diabetics face a higher than usual for heart disease and circulatory system, such as high blood pressure, hardening of the arteries, heart attack and stroke. Poor circulation also increases the risk of skin lesions, spasms, and gangrene (tissue destruction infection). Damage to blood vessels in the kidneys of diabetes can lead to kidney failure.

The number of people with diabetes have a condition known as diabetic neuropathy, which causes damage to one or more nerves. The condition appears to begin in two types of diabetes and affects the nerves that control muscle function at a time and feeling. Consequently, people with diabetes often have various aches and pains. Slowdown in the development of some reflexes, loss of sensation, numbness and tingling in the legs, impotence and circulatory problems.

Risk of Diabetes Drugs

Some measures to counter that are safe for people who have diabetes do not contain ingredients that can cause problems for those who do not. For example, aspirin taken in large amounts can affect the levels of sugar in the blood. If you are diabetic, you must be careful when using phenylephrine, adrenaline or ephedrine, which can increase levels of sugar in the blood. Type 2 diabetes temptation to use appetite for weight control need to know that these drugs usually contain caffeine, which increases blood sugar. fish oil and niacin, both widely regarded as a way to improve cholesterol levels, also raise blood sugar in the blood. To learn more about the hidden dangers of drugs without a prescription, ask your doctor and pharmacist labels and read carefully.

What are the causes?

In type 1 diabetes, the pancreas secretes little or no insulin. You can not use glucose, the body tries to generate energy by burning fat and muscle. Type 1 diabetes usually develops before age 20.

  

Type 2 diabetes usually develops in people over 40 years and more likely to overweight people. Although this group of patients is sufficient and even excessive amounts of insulin in their systems, their bodies are unable to effectively use the hormone - called insulin resistance. Excessive intake of food increases the levels of sugar in the blood and the pancreas can not produce enough insulin to convert sugar into energy. Sometimes a similar form of the disease, called gestational diabetes, appears to be a temporary condition in pregnant women.

Risk factors for type 1 diabetes are:

• Family history of type 1 diabetes
• Eastern white
• The islet cell antibodies in the blood

Risk factors for type 2 diabetes are:

• Overweight
• family history of diabetes
• It is of Spanish, African American, Native American or Asian
• It is more than 40 years
• Impaired glucose tolerance - a pre-diabetic condition in which blood sugar is too high after eating
• Hypertension
• Abnormal blood cholesterol
• Heavy alcohol
• Smoking
• History of gestational diabetes
• Women with polycystic ovary syndrome

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