The kidneys are the primary regulators, which maintain the volume and composition of body fluids by filtering the blood and selective reabsorption or excretion of filtered solutes.
renal retroperitoneal organs (eg, located behind the peritoneum) is located at the rear of the abdomen on both sides of the spine, at the twelfth rib. Left kidney is slightly higher than in the abdomen to the right, due to the presence of pus in the liver, right kidney downward.
The kidneys take their blood supply directly from the aorta through the renal arteries, the blood returns to the vena cava by the renal veins. Urine (filtrate containing the waste and water) excreted by the kidneys and ureters down the fiber accumulates in the urine. bladder muscle (detrusor) is unable to accept urine without increasing distending pressure inside, which means that large quantities can be collected (700-1000ml) without a high pressure system of location kidney damage.
When urine is passed, the urethral sphincter at the base of the bladder detrusor relaxes contracts, and urine is canceled by the urethra.
Kidney Structure
For cutting the renal cortical region from outside, pale and dark inner region medulla.The base is divided into regions, 8.18 cone, called renal pyramids, the base of each pyramid starts at the border, cortical and ends top of the renal papilla, which is connected to form the renal pelvis, and then to form the ureter. In humans, the renal pelvis is divided into two or three bedrooms, large glasses, which in turn are divided into smaller cups. Walls calyces, pelvis and ureter are covered with smooth muscle that can contract to force urine in the bladder peristalisis.
Cortex and medulla is composed of nephrons are the functional units of the kidney, kidney, and each contains about 1.3 million of them.
On the organs is the body responsible for ultrafiltration of blood and renal reabsorption or excretion products in the filtrate next. Each organ is composed of:
The glomerulus filters. 125ml/min filtrate is formed by the kidneys as the blood is filtered through this structure, like a sieve. This filtration is not controlled.
Coils of the proximal convoluted. controlled uptake of glucose, sodium and other dissolved substances is happening in this region.
Loop of Henle. This area is responsible for the concentration and dilution of urine by using against the current multiplication mechanism, in principle, is impermeable to sodium, but it can pump, which in turn affects the osmolarity of the surrounding tissue and will affect the future movements of the water collection channel permeable to water.
Distal convoluted coil. This region is responsible, with the channel that connects the collection, to bring the water body simple math will tell you that the kidneys do not give 125 ml of urine per minute. 99% of water is usually absorbed, leaving a highly concentrated stream of urine into the collection channel, and the renal pelvis.
via le.ac.uk
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